Introduction
Pakistan is a Muslim country as describe in the constitution of Pakistan 1973 and the problem of gender based discrimination in employment among women in Pakistan is more common. As I belong from district Rahim Yar Khan region of Pakistan, I have collected many data from newspapers and surroundings.
In any country in the world general discrimination may exist as long as women are involved in the work. Since human history is patriarchal society men have gradually become the dominant family members due to there inherent psychological characteristics. After the 1940s the economies of the world have developed rapidly. The slogan of advocating equality between men and women and pursuing equality between men and women is constantly mentioned and widely recognized by the people of all countries. However discrimination against women still exist in many places.
Pakistan is a Muslim country as describe in the constitution of Pakistan 1973 and the problem of gender based discrimination in employment among women in Pakistan is more common. As I belong from district Rahim Yar Khan region of Pakistan, I have collected many data from newspapers and surroundings.
In any country in the world general discrimination may exist as long as women are involved in the work. Since human history is patriarchal society men have gradually become the dominant family members due to there inherent psychological characteristics. After the 1940s the economies of the world have developed rapidly. The slogan of advocating equality between men and women and pursuing equality between men and women is constantly mentioned and widely recognized by the people of all countries. However discrimination against women still exist in many places.
Women face gender discrimination in very situation at all levels of their age or at any stage of their social role. In their childhood girl did not meet their daily needs and could not receive complete education like a boy. When they grow up they are tied up in family by their house work when they are wives and mothers. The deepest reason for this is hunger and poverty. There are many discrimination for women for example gender discrimination for working women is usually due to employees believe that she is women and is not willing to pay offer due treatment. In some cases they are not accepted by the employer or pay the same amount of work as male members but they cannot get the same pay.
​Since the creation of Pakistan more and more women started to work and participate in social work with male members. Therefore we will see female entrepreneurs, female lawyers and female police officer and so on. But still for the major of basic female petitioners in Pakistan gender discrimination in employment is still one of the biggest problem in the workplace. Women face different types of problems. They have a few employment opportunities. They did not enjoy equal right as to man. The situation is still unsatisfactory.
​Since the creation of Pakistan more and more women started to work and participate in social work with male members. Therefore we will see female entrepreneurs, female lawyers and female police officer and so on. But still for the major of basic female petitioners in Pakistan gender discrimination in employment is still one of the biggest problem in the workplace. Women face different types of problems. They have a few employment opportunities. They did not enjoy equal right as to man. The situation is still unsatisfactory.
Women in Rahim Yar Khan face multiple interconnected form of discrimination for example educational discrimination, economic discrimination political and social discrimination and safety discrimination.
Reason of illiteracy of Girls in Rahim Yar Khan
District Rahim Yar Khan data shows that female literacy and school participation rate lag behind male rates and a low compared to many district in Punjab. This is our because of lack of infrastructure in nearby areas of Rahim Yar Khan. Most girls didn't get their primary education and get into household work.Some of girls which get education are marriage early which is again another factor of discrimination for women. Many girls drop out after primary or middle school due to poverty, lack of secondary schools nearby and prevalence of early marriages. This educational gap affects the women future .Moreover literate female are in minority so there are very less opportunities for women to participate in jobs. If they get jobs they are less paid as compared to men. Moreover there are limited opportunities for female.
Except Rahim Yar Kha city, it's neighboring areas are not enough developed as compared to other areas of Pakistan. They are not allowed to go freely outside there homes. There are very strict dress code. Harassment is the main factor for discouraging women and main factor of discrimination.
​Low investment in girls education has been reported in almost all the time. It is a major issue in this district. Government should pay attention on this issue as this is the factor of harassment and discrimination of women.
Reason of illiteracy of Girls in Rahim Yar Khan
District Rahim Yar Khan data shows that female literacy and school participation rate lag behind male rates and a low compared to many district in Punjab. This is our because of lack of infrastructure in nearby areas of Rahim Yar Khan. Most girls didn't get their primary education and get into household work.Some of girls which get education are marriage early which is again another factor of discrimination for women. Many girls drop out after primary or middle school due to poverty, lack of secondary schools nearby and prevalence of early marriages. This educational gap affects the women future .Moreover literate female are in minority so there are very less opportunities for women to participate in jobs. If they get jobs they are less paid as compared to men. Moreover there are limited opportunities for female.
Except Rahim Yar Kha city, it's neighboring areas are not enough developed as compared to other areas of Pakistan. They are not allowed to go freely outside there homes. There are very strict dress code. Harassment is the main factor for discouraging women and main factor of discrimination.
​Low investment in girls education has been reported in almost all the time. It is a major issue in this district. Government should pay attention on this issue as this is the factor of harassment and discrimination of women.
Legal Perspective
Constitution of Pakistan 1973 which is the supreme law of land and is explicitly prohibits gender discrimination. Article 25 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973 says that all citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection of law.
"(1)All citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection of law.
Article 25 (2) states that there should be no discrimination on the basis of sex alone
​"(2)There shall be no discrimination on the basis of sex"
Article 27 prohibits discrimination in public service appointments on the basis of sex
"No citizen otherwise qualified for appointment in the service of Pakistan shall be discriminated against in respect of any such appointment on the ground only of race, religion, caste, sex, residence or place of birth"
Article 34 obligates the state to ensure full participation of women in all spheres of national life
"Steps shall be taken to ensure full participation of women in all spheres of national life."
Article 37 also women participation Direct the state to ensure women participation in work with equal rights and benefits b)remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period;
(e) make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work, ensuring that children and women are not employed in vocations unsuited to their age or sex, and for maternity benefits for women in employment;
Moreover there are many Laws for the protection of women against discrimination and violence
Constitution of Pakistan 1973 which is the supreme law of land and is explicitly prohibits gender discrimination. Article 25 of the Constitution of Pakistan 1973 says that all citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection of law.
"(1)All citizens are equal before law and are entitled to equal protection of law.
Article 25 (2) states that there should be no discrimination on the basis of sex alone
​"(2)There shall be no discrimination on the basis of sex"
Article 27 prohibits discrimination in public service appointments on the basis of sex
"No citizen otherwise qualified for appointment in the service of Pakistan shall be discriminated against in respect of any such appointment on the ground only of race, religion, caste, sex, residence or place of birth"
Article 34 obligates the state to ensure full participation of women in all spheres of national life
"Steps shall be taken to ensure full participation of women in all spheres of national life."
Article 37 also women participation Direct the state to ensure women participation in work with equal rights and benefits b)remove illiteracy and provide free and compulsory secondary education within minimum possible period;
(e) make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work, ensuring that children and women are not employed in vocations unsuited to their age or sex, and for maternity benefits for women in employment;
Moreover there are many Laws for the protection of women against discrimination and violence
Protection against harassment of women at the workplace act 2010 defines the criminalizes workplace harassment and adopt a code of conduct
Enforcement of women's property rights act 2020 This insurance women rights to inheritance on property
Punjab protection of women against violence act 2016
​Just provides production residence orders and money praying for survivors of domestic violence this also establishes violence against women centres
Child marriage restraint act sets minimum marriage age and also criminalize child marriage which dis proportionately affect girls
CEDAW The Convention on the Elimination of all forms of discrimination against women is an international treaty focused on women's right it defined discrimination against women and outline measures for national action to end it.
Suggestions for Elimination of Gender Based Discrimination for Women.
For the elimination of the problem of gender discrimination in employment for local female employees in Pakistan there are following suggestions
1.The Pakistani government should further promote the domestic economic growth increase the number of jobs and as the imbalance between the supply and demand of labour. At the same time encourage self employment and provide corresponding policy support. Ab variety of measures are also intended to address local gender discrimination in employment for women
2.The governments leadership accelerates the transformation of the concept of the whole society. On the one hand it requires the whole society to correctly understand the social status and social contribution of women, and styles to bring the concept of equality between men and women into the hearts of the people. It is intended to encourage qualified women to go out of the family to participate in social work.
3.Women should also actively and consciously improve their literacy. Including not only active learning advanced cultural knowledge and professional skills for the professional skills that have already been mustard you must study harder and make yourself more and more progressive. At the same time from leaves should guarantee that girls of the appropriate age received the education they deserve so that they can gather their strength in the workplace in future
Enforcement of women's property rights act 2020 This insurance women rights to inheritance on property
Punjab protection of women against violence act 2016
​Just provides production residence orders and money praying for survivors of domestic violence this also establishes violence against women centres
Child marriage restraint act sets minimum marriage age and also criminalize child marriage which dis proportionately affect girls
CEDAW The Convention on the Elimination of all forms of discrimination against women is an international treaty focused on women's right it defined discrimination against women and outline measures for national action to end it.
Suggestions for Elimination of Gender Based Discrimination for Women.
For the elimination of the problem of gender discrimination in employment for local female employees in Pakistan there are following suggestions
1.The Pakistani government should further promote the domestic economic growth increase the number of jobs and as the imbalance between the supply and demand of labour. At the same time encourage self employment and provide corresponding policy support. Ab variety of measures are also intended to address local gender discrimination in employment for women
2.The governments leadership accelerates the transformation of the concept of the whole society. On the one hand it requires the whole society to correctly understand the social status and social contribution of women, and styles to bring the concept of equality between men and women into the hearts of the people. It is intended to encourage qualified women to go out of the family to participate in social work.
3.Women should also actively and consciously improve their literacy. Including not only active learning advanced cultural knowledge and professional skills for the professional skills that have already been mustard you must study harder and make yourself more and more progressive. At the same time from leaves should guarantee that girls of the appropriate age received the education they deserve so that they can gather their strength in the workplace in future